The Guardians of Shrikshetra: The Four Mighty Hanumans at Jagannath Temple

Shrikshetra, the sacred land of Puri, is not only a place of worship but also a realm protected by powerful divine forces. Just as Lord Jagannath embodies the unity of all deities, his temple is also guarded by four forms of Mahavir Hanuman, placed at the four cardinal entrances. Each of these Hanumans acts as a guardian, embodying different aspects of devotion, strength, and unwavering loyalty. Let’s explore these four guardians and their significance.

The Eternal Vow of Hanuman

The text mentions that Lord Vishnu himself assured Lord Hanuman that he would always have a place in Shri Jagannath Puri as a beloved devotee and servitor. It was also decreed that the dhwaja (flag) atop the temple would always display the symbol of Hanuman, thus establishing him as an eternal protector of this sacred space.

These four Hanumans are seen as extensions of Lord Jagannath himself, acting as vigilant guards, and also as a source of blessings and protection for devotees. To enter the Shri Mandir, one must first seek the blessings of the guardian Hanumans.

The Four Guardian Hanumans

1. Fateh Mahavir (at the Singha Dwara – Eastern Gate):

   • Located on the left side of the Lion’s Gate Ghumuta (dome).

   • Known as the protector of the eastern gate.

   • Considered the presiding deity of the Pancharmanandi Khalasa order.

   • The term “Fateh” is Persian in origin and means “success” or “triumph,” hence, this form of Hanuman embodies the power to achieve any task with success.

2. Kanapata Hanuman (at the Southern Gate):

   • Located on the east side of the southern gate, facing south.

   • The 18 ft tall idol is enshrined in a small temple.

   • Also known as Shabda Bhedi Hanuman, because it is believed that he absorbs the sound of the ocean so that it does not disturb Lord Jagannath’s sleep or the chants of devotees.

   • It’s believed that a Jain Sadhak (Jain devotee) had installed this form.

3. Sankat Mochan Hanuman (at the Western Gate):

   • Located on the left, on the steps of the western gate.

   • Known for providing protection, and blessing devotees who have asked for wishes.

   • Specifically worshipped for মঙ্গল (auspiciousness) on Tuesdays and overcoming negative astrological effects on Saturdays.

   • Some also call this form Bira Bikram Hanuman. The temple was originally in Jagannath Ballav Matha before being brought to the present location.

4. Tapaswi Hanuman (at the Northern Gate):

   • Located just inside the northern gate, this form of Hanuman has eight hands.

   • This is a form that is a combination of both a Yogi (ascetic) and a warrior.

   • In four of his hands he holds various chakras – Vishnu Chakra, Kala Chakra, Devi Chakra, and Bhairavi Chakra. The other four hands are held in prayer and with a rosary.

   • This form is also known as the Chari Chakra Hanuman.

The Divine Play of Lord Jagannath and Hanuman

The text describes a divine encounter in which Lord Jagannath decided to call upon Hanuman to protect the four cardinal gates of his temple, because he wanted to teach Lord Sudarshan a lesson about humility.

As Sudarshan, who believed himself to be the most powerful weapon, was performing his service, the Lord asked him to bring Hanuman to the temple. While Hanuman began to visit, Sudarshan blocked all the entrances to the temple, so that he could not see the Lord. Hanuman, however, called upon his own power and revealed his form with eight hands, and carrying four wheels in four hands, while surrendering to Lord Jagannath with his other four hands.

Lord Jagannath, happy to have shown Sudarshan his place, granted Hanuman a place to perform his tapasya (penance) at the Moksha Dwara (Liberation gate) where his idol remains to this day.

A Symbol of Devotion and Protection

The presence of these four forms of Hanuman around Shri Jagannath Temple enhances the divine protection and adds a layer of spiritual significance. They reflect the unwavering devotion of Hanuman and his eternal connection to Lord Jagannath. By worshipping these Parshwa Devatas, devotees are believed to gain blessings, protection, and a deeper connection with the divine.

Bringing the Devotion Home

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